The D'Arcy Archive
Brisbane, 16 December 1854 · QSA ITM18474, image DR38490

The General Hewitt

The archive knew this family reached Queensland. It did not know how, when, or on what. The passenger register gives all three — and a fourteen-year-old girl shipped as a domestic servant.

Eight of them sailed. On 16 December 1854 the General Hewitt put into Brisbane with 394 souls aboard, and among them were James Wakefield, his wife Hannah, and six of their children — including Miriam, then fourteen.

This was found the long way round. Queensland State Archives' own search refused to run — every query returned a system error. But Queensland publishes the assisted-immigration index as open data ↗, a plain CSV, and the whole family is in it. The index then names a digital image, DR38490, and that turns out to be the register itself. The scan, from QSA ↗
Page 78, 80 and 81 of the register

The family, split across three categories

An assisted-passage register does not list a family together. It lists married couples with their young children, then single men, then single women — so the Wakefields appear three pages apart, and the two eldest boys and the eldest girl aboard are entered as though they were travelling alone.

Married couple and children · page 78
NameAgeOccupationCountry
James Wakefield
the head of the household — his county, dittoed down the page to the rest
48 Mason Gloucester
Hannah Wakefield
NOT an independent statement of her birthplace
48 — ditto —
Jabez Wakefield 11 — ditto —
Zillah Wakefield 8 — ditto —
Ephraim Wakefield 5 — ditto —
Single men · page 80
NameAgeOccupationCountry
Hiram Wakefield
entered separately, with his own county
16 Plumber Bristol
Aaron Wakefield
entered separately, with his own county
14 Farm labourer Bristol
Single women · page 81
NameAgeOccupationCountry
Marion Wakefield
Miriam, written Marion — fourteen, and shipped as a domestic servant
14 Domestic Bristol
Three things it confirms

A trade, a city, and a girl of fourteen

  • James Wakefield is entered as a MASON. The 1841 census at Drivers Fields calls him a Mason Journeyman. Thirteen years and half a world apart, two clerks who never met wrote down the same trade. documented twice
  • The three eldest children are from Bristol. Hiram, Aaron and Marion each get their own line and their own county, and all three say Bristol — exactly where the census and the birth registration put them.
  • Miriam is “Marion”, and she is a domestic servant. Fourteen years old, entered among the single women rather than with her parents, with an occupation against her name. Five years later she married William Hartley Sneyd at Brisbane. The women →
And one thing it pointedly does not give. Hannah's county is a ditto mark under her husband's Gloucester — the household head's county, entered once and carried down the page. It is not a statement about where she was born, and the register proves it knows the difference: on the very same day it enters her three eldest children as Bristol. not her birthplace

So the question the last two days have been chasing is still open. The 1841 census says Hannah was born outside Gloucestershire; the reconstitution of all 81 Gloucestershire Saniger households says she is in none of them; and the one register that might have named her county dittoed it instead. What would settle it →
The voyage

Who else was aboard

The register closes with a summary in the clerk's hand.

Married couples142
Single men80
Single women46
Boys under 1451
Girls under 1463
Infants12
Total souls394

Reckoned for victualling as 325 “adults” — children counted as halves, infants not counted at all. The counties on these pages are Cambridge, Middlesex, Somerset, Essex, Kilkenny, Tipperary, Wicklow, Armagh, Cork, Roscommon and Dublin: an English and Irish cargo of farm labourers, masons, ploughmen, bricklayers, dairymaids and domestic servants, landed at a settlement that would not become a state capital for another five years.

What this changes

  1. The emigration is dated. The archive has said for years that the family "reached Queensland". It reached it on 16 December 1854, aboard a named ship, with the ages of every passenger recorded. documented
  2. James Wakefield's trade is confirmed independently, and the family's Bristol origin with it.
  3. Three daughters are missing from the manifest. Eliza (born 1832), Ellen (1834) and Martha (1836) would have been twenty-two, twenty and eighteen. They are not aboard. Whether they had already married, followed later, or stayed is not known. open
  4. Hannah's birthplace is not here, and remains the single open question in this archive's English line.

The household they left, 1841 → · The Sanigers they did not come from → · The register scan, QSA ↗