The Register of the Dead
Baptisms tell you a family had children. Only the burial register tells you how many of them it kept. This is the part of the parish paper that genealogy usually skips.
Every parish kept three books: baptisms, marriages, deaths. Family trees are built almost entirely from the first two, because those are the entries that carry a line forward. The third book records the people who did not carry it forward, and it is therefore the only place most of them appear at all.
Ninety-nine burials of this surname have been recovered from the Croatian and Istrian registers. Read as a set, they say something the baptisms cannot.
Carlo De Franceschi buried four children
The historian of Istria is the best-documented man in this archive. Here is what the burial registers of the two towns he worked in add to the record.
| Child | Born | Died | Age | Buried | Named in the entry as child of |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Julius | 1853 | 13 Feb 1854 | 1 | Rovinj | Caroli |
| Aurelia Augusta | 1867 | 20 Jul 1867 | infant | Poreč | Caroli |
| Lamberta | Jul 1866 | Jul 1867 | 1 | Poreč | Caroli |
| Elisabetta | Jul 1872 | Jul 1875 | 3 | Poreč | — |
| Virginia | 1858 | 20 Aug 1876 | 18 | Poreč | Carlo De Franceschi |
Carlo sat in the district court at Rovinj from 1833; a Julius, son of Caroli, was buried there in February 1854, aged a few months. He later moved to Poreč, where his son Camillo was born on 3 August 1868. In July 1867 — thirteen months before that birth — two infant daughters of a Caroli were buried at Poreč within weeks of one another.
One of them was called Lamberta.
Carlo's mother was Lambertina Peschle of Volosca. He gave his daughter his mother's name, and buried her before her second birthday. In 1876 he buried Virginia, who was eighteen.
Camillo is described in the reference literature as the youngest of the four children of Carlo de Franceschi. Four is the number who survived. This page is the difference.
Inferred The entries give the father only as Caroli or Carlo De Franceschi, without a patronymic. The identification rests on the towns matching Carlo's own postings, on the dates falling inside his married life, and on the name Lamberta, which is not a common Istrian name and is his mother's. It is strong, and it is not proof. The parish books at Poreč and Rovinj would settle it.
Ližnjan, 1846
A village on the southern tip of Istria, and thirteen months in which one family buried three children.
| Name | Born | Died | Age | Named with |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cattarina Franceschin | 1826 | 10 Mar 1843 | 17 | — |
| Antonio Defranceschi | 1846 | 1846 | infant | — |
| Giovanni Defranceschi | 1845 | 11 Nov 1846 | 1 | — |
| Maria Defranceschi | 1846 | 8 Dec 1846 | infant | Gregoria Defranceschi |
| Maddalena Defranceschi | Jun 1788 | Jun 1849 | 61 | Matteo Defranceschi |
| Catarina Defranceschi | 1844 | 3 Sep 1855 | 11 | — |
Giovanni, born 1845, died 11 November 1846. Maria, born 1846, died 8 December 1846. Antonio, born and dead within 1846. Across Europe those are the hunger years: the potato blight reached the continent in 1845, the 1846 grain harvest failed, and typhus followed the failed harvest everywhere it went. Istria was not Ireland, but it was a subsistence countryside in the same two years.
Valentino and Elena, at Fiume
The family account says ten sons and four daughters. The burial register says what happened to five of them.
| Name | Born | Buried | Age |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mattio Defranceschi | — | Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | — |
| Nicolo Defranceschi | — | Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | — |
| Antonio De Franceschi | 1753 | 1 Sep 1753 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | infant |
| Aloysia Defranceschi | 1757 | 14 Sep 1757 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | infant |
| Maria Defranceschi | 1757 | 1757 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | infant |
| Giosefa Defranceschi | 1796 | 7 Aug 1797 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | 1 |
| Anna Defranceschi | 1799 | 18 Nov 1800 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | 1 |
| Maria Defranceschi | 1804 | 2 Aug 1804 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | infant |
Valentino Defranceschi came from Carnia, was made a citizen of Fiume in 1739, built the chapel of St Helena in 1764 and made himself a tomb in the cathedral with an epigraph in 1785. He is the most conspicuously successful man in the family's own account of itself. He also buried Mattio and Nicolò in 1742, Antonio in 1753, and Aloysia and Maria in 1757 — and the last two in the same year. The chapel and the tomb are the part of a life that gets written down. See Carlo's Letter, where Valentino's story is told without any of this.
Two men in the hospital at San Daniele del Friuli
Four years apart, in the same civic hospital in a small Friulian town, two men of this surname died — and neither of them lived there.
On 30 March 1895, at five in the morning, Pietro De Franceschi died in the Civic Hospital of San Daniele del Friuli. He was forty-four, and the register calls him mura… — a mason. The same trade the Gračišće register gives Antonius in 1863: lapicida.
On 12 August 1899, at five in the morning, in the same building, died Edoardo De Franceschi. Forty-eight, già Ufficiale — a former officer — nato in Zara e domiciliato in Zara, son of the late Giovanni and the late Maria Zenardi, husband of Regina Pappafava.
Edoardo was a Zadar man, and he died seven hundred kilometres from Zadar. Both entries were written out by the same registrar, Giovanni Stocchi, from a notice sent over by the hospital director that morning. Whether the two men knew each other, or whether San Daniele's hospital simply took in cases from a wide catchment, the archive cannot say — but the coincidence is on the page, and Friuli is the country this family says it came from.
A third Italian entry belongs with these: at Concesio above Brescia on 15 July 1916, Giovanni De Franceschi, aged three, died at Via Pieve 17. The death was reported by his own father, De Franceschi prof. Umberto, forty, a schoolmaster of Brescia, who walked to the town hall the next morning and gave his son's age as three.
Every life this archive can measure
One bar per person, from birth to burial, on a single scale from 1580 to 2000. Red is a first year not survived; amber a childhood; teal a life.
Where they are buried
| Parish or region | Burials | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| Croatia, parish not named | 36 | Indexed with a country but no parish. Each of these is a page in a book somewhere that could be found. |
| Rijeka | 23 | The Vitipolis cluster — the city of St Vitus, the largest single body of this family's records anywhere. |
| Ližnjan | 10 | Southern Istria. A distinct family, and the one whose children the register keeps returning to. |
| Poreč | 8 | Carlo's town after Rovinj, and where Camillo was born. |
| Pula | 5 | — |
| Kaštelir | 4 | — |
| Omiš | 2 | The Dalmatian branch. |
| Rovinj | 2 | — |
| San Daniele del Friuli | 2 | — |
| Split | 1 | The Dalmatian branch. |
| Sovinjak | 1 | — |
| Bakar | 1 | — |
| Pazin | 1 | The county town. One burial, an infant of 1792, son of a Vincentius — the Pisino family that bore the half-castle. |
| Tar | 1 | — |
| Concesio, Brescia | 1 | — |
The whole register
| Name | Born | Died | Buried | Age | Named with |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pietro De Franceschi | — | — | 1619 @ Hrvatska, Österreich | — | — |
| Gioannes Maria De Franceschi | 1581 | 20 Mar 1645 | Omiš, Split-Dalmatia, Hrvatska | 64 | — |
| Antonia De Franceschi | — | — | May 1659 @ Hrvatska, Österreich | — | Giacomo De Franceschi ; Zuanna |
| Giacoma De Franceschi | — | — | 1683 @ Croazia, Austria | — | Francesco De Franceschi |
| Francesco De Franceschi | — | — | 26 Nov 1686 @ Croazia, Austria | — | — |
| Nicolo De Franceschi | 1626 | — | 18 May 1716 @ Spalato, Dalmazia, Austria | 90 | — |
| Catarina De Franceschi | — | — | Jul 1717 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | — | — |
| Antonio Defranceschi | — | 12 Jul 1727 | Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | — | — |
| Matto De Franceschi | — | — | 27 Dec 1728 @ Hrvatska, Österreich | — | — |
| Mattio Defranceschi | — | 11 Jul 1742 | Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | — | Valentino Defranceschi ; Elena Defranceschi |
| Nicolo Defranceschi | — | 1742 | Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | — | Valentino Defranceschi ; Elena Defranceschi |
| Antonio De Franceschi | 1753 | — | 1 Sep 1753 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | <1 | Valentino De Franceschi ; Elena De Franceschi |
| Francescha Defranceschi | 1742 | — | 16 Nov 1755 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | 13 | — |
| Aloysia Defranceschi | 1757 | — | 14 Sep 1757 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | <1 | Valentino Defranceschi ; Ellena Defranceschi |
| Maria Defranceschi | 1757 | — | 1757 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | <1 | Valentio Defranceschi ; Elena Defranceschi |
| Antonia Defranceschi | — | 9 Mar 1775 @ Bakar, Modrus-Fiume, Mađarska | — | — | Ivana Defranceschi |
| Valentino Defranceschi | 1772 | — | 22 Aug 1775 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | 3 | Giuseppe Defranceschi ; Francesca Defranceschi |
| Ellena Defranceschi | 1775 | — | 2 Mar 1776 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | 1 | Giuseppe Defranceschi ; Francesca Defranceschi |
| Sebastiano De Franceschi | 1783 | — | 6 Aug 1783 @ Sovignacco, Küstenland, Austria | <1 | Gio Battista De Franceschi |
| Maria Anna Defranceschi | — | 26 May 1785 @ Bakar, Primorsko-goranska, Hrvatska | — | — | — |
| Liberatus Francus Xavus Defranceschi | 1791 | 14 Feb 1792 | Pisino, Istrien, Küstenland, Österreich | 1 | Vincentij |
| Giosefa Defranceschi | 1796 | — | 7 Aug 1797 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | 1 | Valentino Defranceschi ; Orsola Defranceschi |
| Anna Defranceschi | 1799 | — | 18 Nov 1800 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | 1 | Valentino Defranceschi ; Orsola Defranceschi |
| Maria Defranceschi | 1804 | — | 2 Aug 1804 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | <1 | Valentino Defranceschi ; Orsola Defranceschi |
| Antonia De Franceschi | 1804 | — | 26 Sep 1808 @ Croazia, Austria | 4 | Vitorio De Franceschi |
| Giovanni Pietro Defranceschi | 1809 | — | 3 Oct 1809 @ Croazia, Austria | <1 | Vitorio Defranceschi |
| Elisabetta Defranceschi | 1810 | — | 26 Sep 1810 @ Fiume, Modrus-Fiume, Ungheria | <1 | Franco Defranceschi ; Anna Defranceschi |
| Antonio Defranceschi | 1811 | — | 11 Dec 1811 @ Croazia, Austria | <1 | Vitorio Defranceschi |
| Agostino Defranceschi | 1812 | 1812 | 1812 @ Croazia, Austria | <1 | Domenico Defranceschi |
| Bortolo De Franceschi | 1756 | — | 1812 @ Croazia, Austria | 56 | Gio Battista |
| Vitorio Defranceschi | 1758 | 8 Nov 1812 | 8 Nov 1812 @ Croazia, Austria | 54 | Antonio |
| Gioanni Maria Defranceschi | — | Jun 1813 | Jun 1813 @ Croazia, Austria | — | Vitorio Defranceschi |
| Vitnio Defranceschi | 1815 | 24 Apr 1815 | 24 Apr 1815 @ Croazia, Austria | <1 | Domenico Defranceschi |
| Maria Defranceschi | 1751 | 17 Nov 1817 | Vitipolis, Modrus-Fiume, Magyarország | 66 | — |
| Bartolo De Franceschi | — | — | Jul 1819 @ Croazia, Austria | — | Gio Batta De Franceschi ; Maria |
| Catharina Defranceschi | 1734 | 7 Apr 1819 @ Bakar, Modrus-Fiume, Mađarska | — | 85 | — |
| Giuseppe Defranceschi | 1784 | 1819 | Regnum Croatiae | 35 | — |
| Mathęius De Franceschi | 1750 | 7 Aug 1819 | Kraljevina Hrvatska | 69 | Anton |
| Mattio De Franceschi | — | 6 Aug 1819 | 7 Aug 1819 @ Pola, Italia | — | — |
| Michiel De Franceschi | 1761 | 29 May 1821 | Regnum Croatiae | 60 | — |
| Francesco De Franceschi | 1775 | 20 Mar 1827 | Regnum Croatiae | 52 | — |
| Petrus Defranceschi | 1765 | 19 Jan 1829 | Regnum Croatiae | 64 | Josephi |
| Domenica Defranceschi | 1829 | 23 Aug 1831 | Kraljevina Hrvatska | 2 | Antonii |
| Magdalena Defranceschi | 1826 | 22 Sep 1831 | Kraljevina Hrvatska | 5 | — |
| Dominicus Defranceschi | 1832 | 26 Mar 1832 | Kraljevina Hrvatska | <1 | Elisabetę Marini |
| Julius Defranceschi | 1833 | — | 25 Aug 1833 @ Vitipolis, Modrus-Fiume, Magyarország | <1 | — |
| Cattarina Defranceschi | 1817 | 13 Dec 1834 | 15 Dec 1834 | 17 | Gio Batta Defranceschi ; Elisabetta Cerini |
| Giulio Defranceschi | 1834 | 11 Aug 1837 | 13 Sep 1837 | 3 | Pietro Defranceschi |
| Valentinum Defranceschi | 1775 | — | 1 Jun 1839 @ Vitipolis, Modrus-Fiume, Magyarország | 64 | — |
| Valentinus Defranceschi | 1775 | 2 Jun 1839 | Vitipolis, Modrus-Fiume, Magyarország | 64 | — |
| Maria Defranceschi | 1798 | 27 Mar 1840 | Kraljevina Hrvatska | 42 | — |
| Stella Appolonia Defranceschi | Nov 1841 | Nov 1841 | Dec 1841 @ Hrvatska, Österreich | <1 | Natale Defranceschi ; Maria Abba |
| Cattarina Franceschin | 1826 | 10 Mar 1843 | Ližnjan, Istria, Italia | 17 | — |
| Antonio Defranceschi | 1846 | 1846 | Ližnjan, Istria, Italia | <1 | — |
| Damiano Defranceschi | 1808 | 8 Nov 1846 | Regnum Croatiae | 38 | — |
| Giovanni Defranceschi | 1845 | 11 Nov 1846 | Ližnjan, Istria, Italia | 1 | — |
| Maria Defranceschi | 1846 | 8 Dec 1846 | Ližnjan, Istria, Italia | <1 | Gregoria Defranceschi |
| Maddalena Defranceschi | Jun 1788 | Jun 1849 | Ližnjan, Istria, Italia | 61 | Matteo Defranceschi |
| Mathæus Defranceschi | 1810 | 3 Oct 1849 | Poreč, Istra, Hrvatska | 39 | — |
| Giulio Defranceschi | 1778 | 19 Sep 1854 | 19 Sep 1854 @ Pola, Italia | 76 | Mattio |
| Julius Defranceschi | 1853 | 13 Feb 1854 | Rovinj, Istra, Hrvatska | 1 | Caroli |
| Catarina Defranceschi | 1844 | 3 Sep 1855 | Ližnjan, Istria, Italia | 11 | — |
| Natale Defranceschi | 1818 | 30 Aug 1855 | Regnum Croatiae | 37 | — |
| Niccolo Defranceschi | 1779 | 7 Jun 1855 | 9 Jun 1855 @ Almissa, Spalato, Dalmazia, Austria | 76 | Francesco Defranceschi ; Orsola Buccich |
| Petrina Tamburin Or Defranceschi | 1807 | 17 Oct 1855 | Regnum Croatiae | 48 | — |
| Stella Defranceschi | 1789 | 11 Oct 1855 | Regnum Croatiae | 66 | — |
| Joannes Aloysius Defranceschi | 1858 | 18 Nov 1858 | Kaštelir, Istra, Hrvatska | <1 | — |
| Josepha Defranceschi | 1800 | 29 Mar 1860 | 31 Mar 1860 @ Vitipolis, Modrus-Fiume, Magyarország | 60 | — |
| Filomena Defranceschi Or Alacevich | 1836 | 21 Jun 1862 | 23 Jun 1862 | 26 | Francesco Defranceschi Or Alacevich ; Maddalena Bartulovich Puovich |
| Petrus De Franceschi | 1790 | 12 Jun 1864 | Rovinj, Istra, Hrvatska | 74 | Michaelis |
| Agatha Defranceschi | — | 30 Dec 1867 | 1 Jan 1868 @ Ližnjan, Istria, Italia | — | Gregorii Skifich ; Agathæ Skifich |
| Aurelia Augusta Defranceschi | 1867 | 20 Jul 1867 | Poreč, Istra, Hrvatska | <1 | Caroli |
| Lamberta Defranceschi | Jul 1866 | Jul 1867 | Sep 1867 @ Poreč, Istra, Croazia | 1 | Caroli |
| Josephus Defranceschi | 1862 | 19 Mar 1870 | Kaštelir, Istra, Hrvatska | 8 | — |
| Ermenegildo Defranceschi | 1825 | 24 Feb 1871 | 26 Feb 1871 | 46 | — |
| Joannes Defranceschi | 1871 | 11 Feb 1872 | 13 Feb 1872 @ Ližnjan, Istria, Italia | 1 | Mathæi Primus ; Mariæ Primus |
| Maria Defranceschi | 1872 | 4 Mar 1873 | Kaštelir, Istra, Hrvatska | 1 | Franci |
| Elisabetta Defranceschi | Jul 1872 | Jul 1875 | Poreč, Istra, Croazia | 3 | — |
| Matteo Defranceschi | 1874 | 1875 | Poreč, Istra, Croazia | 1 | Paolo Percesino ; Angela Percesino |
| Virginia De Franceschi | 1858 | 20 Aug 1876 | Poreč, Istra, Croazia | 18 | Carlo De Franceschi |
| Francisca Defranceschi | 1872 | 17 Sep 1877 | 19 Sep 1877 @ Croazia, Austria | 5 | Francisci |
| Domenica Defranceschi | 1868 | 18 Oct 1878 | Poreč, Istra, Croazia | 10 | Paola Defranceschi ; Angela Perusich |
| Anna Maria Defranceschi | 1844 | 17 Sep 1879 | Poreč, Istra, Croazia | 35 | Giacomo Rocco |
| Jacobina Defranceschi | 1804 | 6 Aug 1882 | 8 Aug 1882 @ Croazia, Austria | 78 | Joan-Baptae Crosilla |
| Catharina Defranceschi | 1813 | 24 Oct 1887 | 26 Oct 1887 @ Rijeka, Modrus-Fiume, Magyarország | 74 | Bellinich |
| Francisca Defranceschi | 1808 | 16 Oct 1887 | 17 Oct 1887 @ Croatia-Slavonia, Ungheria | 79 | Joannis Bergamo |
| Josephus Defranceschi | Mar 1887 | Mar 1888 | Ližnjan, Istria, Italia | 1 | Gregorii Vojnić ; Maria Vojnić |
| Euphemia Defranceschi | 1857 | 1 May 1890 | 3 May 1890 @ Croazia, Austria | 33 | Antonii ; Antonii Defranceschi |
| Joannes Defranceschi | 1890 | 25 Apr 1890 | 27 Apr 1890 @ Croazia, Austria | <1 | Antonii |
| Mathæus Defranceschi | 1890 | 18 Feb 1891 | 19 Feb 1891 @ Ližnjan, Istria, Italia | 1 | Mathæi Skoko ; Annæ Skoko |
| Franciscus Defranceschi | 1819 | 26 Jan 1892 | Kaštelir, Istra, Hrvatska | 73 | Julii |
| Josephus Defranceschi | 1892 | 29 Feb 1892 | 2 Mar 1892 @ Croazia, Austria | <1 | Franciscae |
| Antonius Defranceschi | 1893 | 25 Mar 1893 | 27 Mar 1893 @ Croazia, Austria | <1 | Antonii |
| Angelus Defranceschi | 1828 | 23 Apr 1895 | 24 Apr 1895 @ Tar, Küstenland, Österreich | 67 | Julie |
| De Franceschi Pietro, muratore | 1851 | 30 Mar 1895 | Civic Hospital, San Daniele del Friuli, Italia | 44 | aged 44; a mason |
| Victorius Defranceschi | — | 25 May 1897 | Kraljevina Hrvatska | — | — |
| Antonija Defranceschi | 1829 | 22 Dec 1899 @ Rijeka, Modrus-Fiume, Magyarország | — | 70 | — |
| De Franceschi Edoardo, già Ufficiale | 1851 | 12 Aug 1899 | Civic Hospital, San Daniele del Friuli, Italia | 48 | Giovanni De Franceschi ; Maria Zenardi ; Regina Pappafava |
| De Franceschi Giovanni | 1913 | 15 Jul 1916 | Concesio, Brescia, Italia | 3 | prof. Umberto De Franceschi |
| Antonio Defranceschi | 09 Apr 1894 | 11 Feb 1946 | Pula, Grad Pula, Istarska, Croatia | 52 | — |
| Nella Bacchia Defranceschi | 4 Feb 1921 @ Pola, Italy | 10 Jun 1992 | — | 71 | Antonio Bacchia ; Enrica Janecek |
| Lidia De Franceschi | 3 Apr 1900 @ Pola, Yugoslavia | 26 Jan 1997 | — | 97 | Giovanni Defrancesch ; Domenica Clagnan |
Where these came from
All ninety-nine were pulled from FamilySearch's indexed Croatian and Istrian registers of deaths and burials, searched by surname rather than by place — which is why they surfaced now, having been missed by every sweep this archive ran through parishes. Several of the most important entries carry no place at all in the index; they were found by the parents' names.
Stones, as against paper
None of this is a headstone. Two are recorded: Valentino's tomb with its 1785 epigraph in the cathedral at Rijeka, and the old family tomb with carved arms before the altar of the church at Piska, near Omiš, from the Imotski campaign of 1718. Neither has been photographed for this archive. Istrian village cemeteries were also heavily reordered in the twentieth century, and graves without a paying family are cleared on a cycle — so for most of the people above, the paper is the grave.
What to ask for next
The Poreč and Rovinj death registers, by name and year, from the Pazin State Archive — the same way the two Status Animarum pages were obtained. That would turn the Carlo identification from strong to settled, and would give his wife's name, which this archive still does not have.
The full bibliography, with what each source gave and where it is weak →